Spectra and Anisotropy of Solar Energetic Protons During GLE #65 on 28 October, 2003 and GLE #66 on 29 October, 2003
Mishev, Alexander L.; Koldobskiy, Sergey A.; Larsen, Nicholas; Usoskin, Ilya G. (2024-02-20)
Mishev, Alexander L.
Koldobskiy, Sergey A.
Larsen, Nicholas
Usoskin, Ilya G.
20.02.2024
Mishev, A.L., Koldobskiy, S.A., Larsen, N. et al. Spectra and Anisotropy of Solar Energetic Protons During GLE #65 on 28 October, 2003 and GLE #66 on 29 October, 2003. Sol Phys 299, 24 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-024-02269-z
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© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202402221952
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202402221952
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Solar Cycle 23 was the most active in ground-level enhancements (GLEs) with 16 events registered by the global neutron monitor network. In this paper, we study a very active period in October–November, 2003, which revealed an intense solar activity burst that led to several eruptive processes and produced a sequence of three GLEs. By applying state-of-the-art modelling to records from the global neutron monitor network as well as space-borne data, we derived the spectral and anisotropy characteristics of accelerated solar protons during the GLE #65 event on 28 October, 2003 and GLE #66 on 29 October, 2003. The spectra and the pitch angle distributions are obtained with a 5-min time resolution, providing their dynamical evolution throughout the event. The spectra are parameterised with a modified power-law rigidity spectrum, whilst the angular distribution with a Gaussian. The constraints and uncertainties of the derived characteristics are evaluated by corresponding modelling.
Solar Cycle 23 was the most active in ground-level enhancements (GLEs) with 16 events registered by the global neutron monitor network. In this paper, we study a very active period in October–November, 2003, which revealed an intense solar activity burst that led to several eruptive processes and produced a sequence of three GLEs. By applying state-of-the-art modelling to records from the global neutron monitor network as well as space-borne data, we derived the spectral and anisotropy characteristics of accelerated solar protons during the GLE #65 event on 28 October, 2003 and GLE #66 on 29 October, 2003. The spectra and the pitch angle distributions are obtained with a 5-min time resolution, providing their dynamical evolution throughout the event. The spectra are parameterised with a modified power-law rigidity spectrum, whilst the angular distribution with a Gaussian. The constraints and uncertainties of the derived characteristics are evaluated by corresponding modelling.
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