Longitudinal analysis of vaginal microbiota during IVF fresh embryo transfer and in early pregnancy
Väinämö, Sofia; Saqib, Schahzad; Kalliala, Ilkka; Kervinen, Kaisa; Luiro, Kaisu; Niinimäki, Maarit; Halttunen-Nieminen, Mervi; Virtanen, Seppo; Nieminen, Pekka; Salonen, Anne; Holster, Tiina (2023-10-26)
Väinämö, Sofia
Saqib, Schahzad
Kalliala, Ilkka
Kervinen, Kaisa
Luiro, Kaisu
Niinimäki, Maarit
Halttunen-Nieminen, Mervi
Virtanen, Seppo
Nieminen, Pekka
Salonen, Anne
Holster, Tiina
ASM Press
26.10.2023
Väinämö, Sofia, et al. “Longitudinal Analysis of Vaginal Microbiota during IVF Fresh Embryo Transfer and in Early Pregnancy.” Microbiology Spectrum, edited by Diyan Li, vol. 11, no. 6, Dec. 2023, pp. e01650-23. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01650-23
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© 2023 Väinämö et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© 2023 Väinämö et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202401101163
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202401101163
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Non-Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota has been associated with poor gynecologic health and complications during pregnancy. Lactobacilli and especially Lactobacillus crispatus associate with good reproductive health and dominate the microbiota during healthy pregnancy. We examined whether the composition of vaginal microbiota at the time of fresh embryo transfer (ET) has an impact on the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and whether vaginal microbiota changes from IVF-ET to early pregnancy within individuals. Vaginal swab samples were collected from subfertile women at the time of IVF-ET (n = 76) and at the eighth gestational week (n = 21) from those who achieved clinical pregnancy. The microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. L. crispatus was more abundant among the 30 women who achieved clinical pregnancy (46.9% vs. 19.1%, q = 0.039) and the 26 women who had live birth (43.3% vs. 23.1%, q = 0.32) compared to those who did not. Lactobacilli, mainly L. crispatus (76.2%), dominated all early pregnancy samples. Microbiota remained the same, i.e., Lactobacillus-dominated type in 52% (11/21), shifted from one Lactobacillus-dominated type to another in 24% (5/21), or shifted from mixed community to Lactobacillus-dominated type in 24% (5/21) women, but never from Lactobacillus dominance to non-lactobacilli dominance. Our results emphasize the role of L. crispatus in the success of IVF-ET and in early pregnancy. During pregnancy, the microbiota shifted toward L. crispatus dominance even if it was undetectable before pregnancy, indicating that most women hold a reservoir of this beneficial Lactobacillus in their reproductive tract.
Non-Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota has been associated with poor gynecologic health and complications during pregnancy. Lactobacilli and especially Lactobacillus crispatus associate with good reproductive health and dominate the microbiota during healthy pregnancy. We examined whether the composition of vaginal microbiota at the time of fresh embryo transfer (ET) has an impact on the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and whether vaginal microbiota changes from IVF-ET to early pregnancy within individuals. Vaginal swab samples were collected from subfertile women at the time of IVF-ET (n = 76) and at the eighth gestational week (n = 21) from those who achieved clinical pregnancy. The microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. L. crispatus was more abundant among the 30 women who achieved clinical pregnancy (46.9% vs. 19.1%, q = 0.039) and the 26 women who had live birth (43.3% vs. 23.1%, q = 0.32) compared to those who did not. Lactobacilli, mainly L. crispatus (76.2%), dominated all early pregnancy samples. Microbiota remained the same, i.e., Lactobacillus-dominated type in 52% (11/21), shifted from one Lactobacillus-dominated type to another in 24% (5/21), or shifted from mixed community to Lactobacillus-dominated type in 24% (5/21) women, but never from Lactobacillus dominance to non-lactobacilli dominance. Our results emphasize the role of L. crispatus in the success of IVF-ET and in early pregnancy. During pregnancy, the microbiota shifted toward L. crispatus dominance even if it was undetectable before pregnancy, indicating that most women hold a reservoir of this beneficial Lactobacillus in their reproductive tract.
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