Play and motivation : through the eyes of Montessori, Vygotsky, Deci and Ryan

Abstract

This thesis covers play and motivation as separate entities, and then discusses them together. First goal was to explore if there is a connection between play and motivation and how do Montessori, Vygotsky, Deci and Ryan explore these in their own theories. First Vygotsy’s ideas are presented, then Montessori is explored and after this, these two theories are brought together and looked at especially in the context of playing. Afterwards The Self-Determination Theory of Deci and Ryan is analyzed through motivation. Finally, based on these theories, both play and motivation are discussed while back-analyzing personal experiences.

This thesis uses literature review as a guide for exploring material. In addition to primary sources written by the authors themselves, sources that are most up to date were given preference. They were compared and contrasted through summary of the key ideas, and synthesized though my own analysis.

Based on this thesis, play and motivation are indeed linked and there are many connections among the analyzed theories. This research process was a useful experience for me, as it connected theory and practice. In that sense, it might be useful for others. The thesis might be also interesting and inspiring for those who look for a playful way of getting familiar with some core ideas about play and motivation in education.