Analysis of Path Losses on Terahertz Band for Non-Terrestrial Networks

Abstract

With the ongoing evolution of global connectivity, the demand for reliable, high-speed communication links in scenarios such as in-flight internet and remote areas has intensified. As a result, research has increasingly focused on the millimeter wave (mmWave)/terahertz (THz) band in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) due to its potential to support ultra-high data rates. To assess feasibility, this paper presents a comprehensive assessment of path losses and their impact on NTN links operating within the THz band. It examines key impairments affecting signal propagation, including atmospheric absorption and other atmospheric losses. A detailed investigation is conducted for different NTN scenarios across diverse geographical locations, primarily focusing on adverse weather conditions while also considering clear skies, with seasonal variations integrated to assess link reliability. The findings reveal that, for ground-to-space links, frequencies above 300 GHz experience significantly high losses, whereas for satellite-to-airborne links, frequencies up to 1000 GHz can be achieved.