Synovial fluid o-tyrosine is a potential biomarker for autoimmune-driven rheumatoid arthritis
Mustonen, Anne-Mari; Savinainen, Juha; Lehtonen, Marko; Lehenkari, Petri; Kääriäinen, Tommi; Joukainen, Antti; Kröger, Heikki; Nieminen, Petteri (2025-05-31)
Springer
31.05.2025
Mustonen, AM., Savinainen, J., Lehtonen, M. et al. Synovial fluid o-tyrosine is a potential biomarker for autoimmune-driven rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07491-z
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202506024067
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202506024067
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Introduction/objectives:
The aim of the present study was to identify key amino acid (AA) pathways in osteoarthritis (OA) and autoimmune-driven rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as AAs have emerged as potential biomarkers for the detection of degenerative joint diseases. It was hypothesized that we would detect distinct metabolic pathways activated in OA and RA due to different degrees of inflammation.
Method:
Samples of synovial fluid (SF) and infrapatellar Hoffaʼs fat pad (IFP) were collected from end-stage knee OA (n = 10) and RA patients (n = 10), and from non-inflammatory controls (n = 5). Metabolites were analyzed utilizing a liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry approach, followed by univariate and multivariate statistical testing and pathway analysis by MetaboAnalyst. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to examine diagnostic values.
Results:
SF results identified o-tyrosine as a promising biomarker for distinguishing RA patients from OA patients and controls, and cystine, cysteine, and methionine separating OA patients from controls. Regarding IFPs, β-alanine could have diagnostic value to discriminate RA and OA. The present data indicate alterations in metabolic pathways, such as cysteine and methionine metabolism in RA and OA SFs compared to control SF, selenocompound metabolism in RA vs. OA SFs, and pyrimidine metabolism in RA vs. OA IFPs.
Conclusions:
The identified nitrogen compounds, particularly o-tyrosine, and AA metabolism pathways have potential as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for degenerative joint diseases.
Introduction/objectives:
The aim of the present study was to identify key amino acid (AA) pathways in osteoarthritis (OA) and autoimmune-driven rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as AAs have emerged as potential biomarkers for the detection of degenerative joint diseases. It was hypothesized that we would detect distinct metabolic pathways activated in OA and RA due to different degrees of inflammation.
Method:
Samples of synovial fluid (SF) and infrapatellar Hoffaʼs fat pad (IFP) were collected from end-stage knee OA (n = 10) and RA patients (n = 10), and from non-inflammatory controls (n = 5). Metabolites were analyzed utilizing a liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry approach, followed by univariate and multivariate statistical testing and pathway analysis by MetaboAnalyst. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to examine diagnostic values.
Results:
SF results identified o-tyrosine as a promising biomarker for distinguishing RA patients from OA patients and controls, and cystine, cysteine, and methionine separating OA patients from controls. Regarding IFPs, β-alanine could have diagnostic value to discriminate RA and OA. The present data indicate alterations in metabolic pathways, such as cysteine and methionine metabolism in RA and OA SFs compared to control SF, selenocompound metabolism in RA vs. OA SFs, and pyrimidine metabolism in RA vs. OA IFPs.
Conclusions:
The identified nitrogen compounds, particularly o-tyrosine, and AA metabolism pathways have potential as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for degenerative joint diseases.
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