Does war increase ethnic discrimination in the labor market? Evidence from a field experiment

Abstract

Abstract

This study investigates employer bias against Russian migrants in Kazakhstan’s labor market during the Russia–Ukraine War. Existing literature highlights ethnic discrimination in hiring but lacks insights into these patterns in the context of a geopolitical conflict. Using data from 1,630 fictitious job applications sent to real job postings, we compare responses to local Kazakhs, local Russians, Kyrgyz migrants, and Russian migrants. Our analysis reveals that Russian migrants are significantly less likely to receive interview invitations. This bias intensifies in regions farther from Russia and in high-skilled job sectors. The findings indicate that geopolitical tensions amplify labor market inequalities and highlight the need for targeted anti-discrimination policies to promote equity in hiring practices.