The Governance and Regulations of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in the European Union – A Comparative Framework
Rauhala, Anssi; Leviäkangas, Pekka; Tuomela, Anne (2025-03-07)
Springer
07.03.2025
Rauhala, A., Leviäkangas, P., Tuomela, A. (2025). The Governance and Regulations of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in the European Union – A Comparative Framework. In: McNally, C., Carroll, P., Martinez-Pastor, B., Ghosh, B., Efthymiou, M., Valantasis-Kanellos, N. (eds) Transport Transitions: Advancing Sustainable and Inclusive Mobility. TRAconference 2024. Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-85578-8_93
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© The Author(s) 2025. This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2025. This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202503111979
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202503111979
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have witnessed a radical increase in a variety of applications. While delivering obvious benefits, there are also hazards and risks regarding, for example, physical safety, people’s privacy, and cyber security. The regulatory framework on UAS was considerably changed due to the adoption of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, which, as a centralised, top-down regulation, covers nearly all UAS, regardless of their weight and size. Although the ensuing regulations and guidelines from the European Commission and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) give detailed provisions for things like the operation and design of UAS, the implementation of said rules and the necessary procedures involved are up to the member states and their competent authorities. This paper compares current differences in selected member states considering the implementation of new UAS regulations. The results imply that there is a wide variability between member states in how they cover different aspects of the new regulation. This paper also draws preliminary conclusions on the maturity of the governance and regulatory framework.
Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have witnessed a radical increase in a variety of applications. While delivering obvious benefits, there are also hazards and risks regarding, for example, physical safety, people’s privacy, and cyber security. The regulatory framework on UAS was considerably changed due to the adoption of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, which, as a centralised, top-down regulation, covers nearly all UAS, regardless of their weight and size. Although the ensuing regulations and guidelines from the European Commission and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) give detailed provisions for things like the operation and design of UAS, the implementation of said rules and the necessary procedures involved are up to the member states and their competent authorities. This paper compares current differences in selected member states considering the implementation of new UAS regulations. The results imply that there is a wide variability between member states in how they cover different aspects of the new regulation. This paper also draws preliminary conclusions on the maturity of the governance and regulatory framework.
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