Childhood Developmental Milestones and Risk of Adult Cerebrovascular Disease: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966
Kivelä, Milja; Rissanen, Ina; Kajantie, Eero; Ojaniemi, Marja; Rusanen, Harri; Miettunen, Jouko; Paananen, Markus (2024-10-03)
S. Karger
03.10.2024
Milja Kivelä, Ina Rissanen, Eero Kajantie, Marja Ojaniemi, Harri Rusanen, Jouko Miettunen, Markus Paananen; Childhood Developmental Milestones and Risk of Adult Cerebrovascular Disease: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; https://doi.org/10.1159/000541702.
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© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY) (http://www.karger.com/Services/OpenAccessLicense). Usage, derivative works and distribution are permitted provided that proper credit is given to the author and the original publisher
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY) (http://www.karger.com/Services/OpenAccessLicense). Usage, derivative works and distribution are permitted provided that proper credit is given to the author and the original publisher
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202410316537
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202410316537
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Introduction:
To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the relationship between childhood developmental milestones and risk of adulthood cerebrovascular disease (CeVD). We studied whether the risk of adult CeVD is associated with delayed attainment of motor and language milestones.
Methods:
Within the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, a total of 11,688 persons were followed from birth to either death, moving abroad or 54 years of age. CeVD diagnoses, i.e., ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and transient ischemic attacks, were extracted from national registers with diagnostic coding based on recommendations of the World Health Organization. Cox proportional hazard models stratified by sex were used to estimate associations of motor development and language milestones between ages 0 and 4 years and adult CeVD women-to-men relative hazard ratios (RHRs) were estimated for each developmental milestone. Analyses were adjusted for family socioeconomic status and birth weight for gestational age.
Results:
Altogether 498 (4.3%) CeVDs were recorded during follow-up. Among both sexes, later turning from back to tummy was associated with ischemic CeVD in adulthood with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.25 and 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.46 for men and an aHR: 1.20 (CI: 1.02–1.42) for women per 1 month delay in achievement. Delayed overall motor development, modeled by motor milestone principal component score, was related to increased risk of ischemic CeVD (aHR: 1.50; CI: 1.03–2.19) among men. Later achievement of making sounds was associated with any CeVD (aHR: 2.74; CI: 1.39–5.40) and especially ischemic CeVD (aHR: 3.41; CI: 1.65–7.06) among men with women-to-men RHR’s of 0.17 (95% CI: 0.04–0.81) for any CeVD and RHR 0.18 (95% CI: 0.04–0.89) for ischemic stroke indicating risk to be lower in women compared to men.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that later achievement of childhood milestones could be a predictor for development of CeVD risk. The results point toward a common neurodevelopmental background and could in part explain lifetime CeVD risk accumulation.
Introduction:
To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the relationship between childhood developmental milestones and risk of adulthood cerebrovascular disease (CeVD). We studied whether the risk of adult CeVD is associated with delayed attainment of motor and language milestones.
Methods:
Within the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, a total of 11,688 persons were followed from birth to either death, moving abroad or 54 years of age. CeVD diagnoses, i.e., ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and transient ischemic attacks, were extracted from national registers with diagnostic coding based on recommendations of the World Health Organization. Cox proportional hazard models stratified by sex were used to estimate associations of motor development and language milestones between ages 0 and 4 years and adult CeVD women-to-men relative hazard ratios (RHRs) were estimated for each developmental milestone. Analyses were adjusted for family socioeconomic status and birth weight for gestational age.
Results:
Altogether 498 (4.3%) CeVDs were recorded during follow-up. Among both sexes, later turning from back to tummy was associated with ischemic CeVD in adulthood with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.25 and 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.46 for men and an aHR: 1.20 (CI: 1.02–1.42) for women per 1 month delay in achievement. Delayed overall motor development, modeled by motor milestone principal component score, was related to increased risk of ischemic CeVD (aHR: 1.50; CI: 1.03–2.19) among men. Later achievement of making sounds was associated with any CeVD (aHR: 2.74; CI: 1.39–5.40) and especially ischemic CeVD (aHR: 3.41; CI: 1.65–7.06) among men with women-to-men RHR’s of 0.17 (95% CI: 0.04–0.81) for any CeVD and RHR 0.18 (95% CI: 0.04–0.89) for ischemic stroke indicating risk to be lower in women compared to men.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that later achievement of childhood milestones could be a predictor for development of CeVD risk. The results point toward a common neurodevelopmental background and could in part explain lifetime CeVD risk accumulation.
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