A nationwide epidemiological study on the associations between ambient particulate matter and suicide in Finland
Kim, Yoonhee; Antikainen, Harri; Watanabe, Hironobu; Hashizume, Masahiro; Kim, Ho; Jaakkola, Jouni J. K.; Ryti, Niilo (2024-03-18)
Nature publishing group
18.03.2024
Kim, Y., Antikainen, H., Watanabe, H. et al. A nationwide epidemiological study on the associations between ambient particulate matter and suicide in Finland. Nat. Mental Health 2, 426–434 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00216-2
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202410246443
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202410246443
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that air pollution is associated with an increased risk of suicide, albeit with a limited understanding of the mechanisms. Here we examine the short-term association between suicide and particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 µm (PM10) or ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) using a time-stratified case-crossover design and nationwide data from Finland from 1985 to 2014, including 35,534 suicides, and investigate whether the association differed by demographic, spatial and temporal factors. We observed immediate associations for particulate matter (odds ratio for suicide per 5.64 µg m−3 increase in PM2.5 from the current day (lag0) of 1.010 and 95% confidence interval 1.000–1.020, estimated from single lag models), with a greater magnitude of the associations in the warm season. The associations between exposure to particulate matter and suicide were particularly evident among males, people under 65 years of age and those who died by suicide using violent methods, particularly during the warm season. Our findings help to better understand susceptibility changes and vulnerable subpopulations in the PM–suicide association and improve mental health promotion programs.
Growing evidence suggests that air pollution is associated with an increased risk of suicide, albeit with a limited understanding of the mechanisms. Here we examine the short-term association between suicide and particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 µm (PM10) or ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) using a time-stratified case-crossover design and nationwide data from Finland from 1985 to 2014, including 35,534 suicides, and investigate whether the association differed by demographic, spatial and temporal factors. We observed immediate associations for particulate matter (odds ratio for suicide per 5.64 µg m−3 increase in PM2.5 from the current day (lag0) of 1.010 and 95% confidence interval 1.000–1.020, estimated from single lag models), with a greater magnitude of the associations in the warm season. The associations between exposure to particulate matter and suicide were particularly evident among males, people under 65 years of age and those who died by suicide using violent methods, particularly during the warm season. Our findings help to better understand susceptibility changes and vulnerable subpopulations in the PM–suicide association and improve mental health promotion programs.
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