Systematic review on the use of telepsychiatry in the treatment of psychiatric conditions

Abstract

The field of psychiatry is facing challenges as lack of resources and workforce shortage increase the burden of the field. Telepsychiatry is one solution to these issues. A systematic review was conducted to find out what kind of telepsychiatric services are available, how the services are used and what are the benefits and challenges regarding telepsychiatry. In this review telepsychiatry was defined as synchronous treatment via video or audio connection. Both outpatient and inpatient care were examined. Telepsychiatry seems to have high satisfaction levels among patients. It increases access to care, flexibility and saves time and costs for both patients and the healthcare system when used appropriately. All diagnostic groups suit telepsychiatry treatment to some extent. Milder diagnostic groups and patients studying or working seem to benefit the most from telepsychiatry while more severe conditions, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, require more consideration. Other factors affecting the conveniency of telepsychiatry were, for example, sensory difficulties or the ability of a patient to use technology.