Sequential utilization of birch sawdust using a two-step hot water treatment
Kälkäjä, Salla; Hu, Tao; Rusanen, Annu; Kärkkäinen, Johanna; Lappalainen, Katja (2024-07-20)
Springer
20.07.2024
Kälkäjä, S., Hu, T., Rusanen, A. et al. Sequential utilization of birch sawdust using a two-step hot water treatment. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 15, 10411–10423 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05946-y.
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© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202408135352
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202408135352
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
In this research study, birch sawdust (BSD) was sequentially treated in hot water to obtain liquid fractions containing C5 sugars/furfural or C6 sugars/5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and lignin containing solid fractions. In the first step, 76% of the hemicellulose was hydrolyzed using microwave irradiation to the liquid fraction as C5 sugars/oligosaccharides/furfural while most of the cellulose and lignin remained in a solid fraction. Increasing the temperature and time increased the furfural formation during the first step. The highest furfural yield, 39%, was obtained using 200 °C for 60 min. In the second step, higher temperatures were used to enhance the cellulose decomposition, which was observed as decreasing the crystallinity of the solid fraction and increasing the HMF content in the liquid fraction. The highest HMF yield, 17%, was obtained using 260 °C with a 30 min treatment time in the second step, whereas the first step was performed at 200 °C. After the sequential treatment, 32% of the sawdust remained in the solid state when the most efficient treatment conditions were applied (the first step at 200 °C, 20–60 min; the second step at 260 °C, 30 min). The solid fractions were found to contain mainly lignin/lignin degradation products. The study demonstrates the potential of sequential hot water treatment in the separation and utilization of all main components of wood.
In this research study, birch sawdust (BSD) was sequentially treated in hot water to obtain liquid fractions containing C5 sugars/furfural or C6 sugars/5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and lignin containing solid fractions. In the first step, 76% of the hemicellulose was hydrolyzed using microwave irradiation to the liquid fraction as C5 sugars/oligosaccharides/furfural while most of the cellulose and lignin remained in a solid fraction. Increasing the temperature and time increased the furfural formation during the first step. The highest furfural yield, 39%, was obtained using 200 °C for 60 min. In the second step, higher temperatures were used to enhance the cellulose decomposition, which was observed as decreasing the crystallinity of the solid fraction and increasing the HMF content in the liquid fraction. The highest HMF yield, 17%, was obtained using 260 °C with a 30 min treatment time in the second step, whereas the first step was performed at 200 °C. After the sequential treatment, 32% of the sawdust remained in the solid state when the most efficient treatment conditions were applied (the first step at 200 °C, 20–60 min; the second step at 260 °C, 30 min). The solid fractions were found to contain mainly lignin/lignin degradation products. The study demonstrates the potential of sequential hot water treatment in the separation and utilization of all main components of wood.
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