Updated model of cosmic-ray-induced ionization in the atmosphere (CRAC:CRII_v3): Improved yield function and lookup tables
Usoskin, I.G.; Kovaltsov, G.A.; Mishev, A.L. (2024-08-01)
EDP sciences
01.08.2024
Usoskin, I. G., Kovaltsov, G. A., & Mishev, A. L. (2024). Updated model of cosmic-ray-induced ionization in the atmosphere (Crac:crii_v3): Improved yield function and lookup tables. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 14, 20. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2024020.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© I.G. Usoskin et al., Published by EDP Sciences 2024. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© I.G. Usoskin et al., Published by EDP Sciences 2024. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202408075245
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202408075245
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Cosmic rays, including galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles, form the main source of ionization of the low and middle atmosphere, which is important for various chemical and physical effects in the atmosphere. Realistic models able to compute the cosmic-ray-induced ionization (CRII) are used as inputs for chemistry-climate models. One of the most commonly used atmospheric ionization models is CRAC:CRII (Cosmic-Ray Atmospheric Cascade: application to CRII) initially developed in 2004–2006 (version 1) and significantly improved in 2010–2011 (version 2). Here, a new updated version 3 of the CRAC:CRII model is presented which offers a higher accuracy for the middle-upper atmosphere and lower-energy cosmic rays. This is particularly important for studies of the atmospheric effects of solar particle storms. Detailed lookup tables of the ionization yield function are provided for the primary cosmic ray protons and α-particles (the latter representing also heavier cosmic-ray species) along with a practical recipe for their numerical use.
Cosmic rays, including galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles, form the main source of ionization of the low and middle atmosphere, which is important for various chemical and physical effects in the atmosphere. Realistic models able to compute the cosmic-ray-induced ionization (CRII) are used as inputs for chemistry-climate models. One of the most commonly used atmospheric ionization models is CRAC:CRII (Cosmic-Ray Atmospheric Cascade: application to CRII) initially developed in 2004–2006 (version 1) and significantly improved in 2010–2011 (version 2). Here, a new updated version 3 of the CRAC:CRII model is presented which offers a higher accuracy for the middle-upper atmosphere and lower-energy cosmic rays. This is particularly important for studies of the atmospheric effects of solar particle storms. Detailed lookup tables of the ionization yield function are provided for the primary cosmic ray protons and α-particles (the latter representing also heavier cosmic-ray species) along with a practical recipe for their numerical use.
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