Prediction of cellular network's performance for dairy farms located in rural areas

Abstract

The implementation of dependable wireless communication systems has become imperative due to the digital revolution in agriculture, namely for Internet of Things (IoT) applications in dairy farms. The performance of 4G cellular networks in a rural location is examined in this thesis, with a particular emphasis on dairy farming activities. A comprehensive review of existing radio propagation models relevant to rural agricultural environments is presented, setting the stage for the primary objective of predicting the performance and reliability of cellular networks in these settings. The research combines theoretical analysis with simulations, meticulously evaluating key signal parameters and device characteristics. Distance measurements are automated using the Haversine formula to gauge distances relevant to network planning. The study includes an analysis of various path loss models, such as Free Space Path Loss (FSPL), Close-In with Height adjustment (CIH), and 3rd Generation Partnership Project Rural Macrocell (3GPP RMa), to predict signal strength in rural scenarios. Simulations conducted using MATLAB reveal significant insights into signal strength and quality across a test location. Additionally, the COST 231 model has been applied to assess the transition of signals from outdoor environments into indoor settings such as farm buildings. It is crucial to highlight that the COST 231 model was not integrated into the main analysis for calculating link budgets and RF conditions, therefore its insights remain separate from the core evaluations of network performance. The findings contribute to the understanding of cellular network performance in rural areas and offer predictive insights that facilitate better connectivity in dairy farms.