The determination of separation characteristics and processability of REE minerals in X-Carbonatite ores

Abstract

This thesis investigates the optimization of flotation techniques for recovering rare earth elements (REEs) and phosphate minerals from complex ore matrices. Through magnetic separation, hydrocycloning and flotation tests, the study seeks to refine parameters fundamental for maximizing recovery rates and concentrate purity. The investigation begins with a series of phosphate (P) flotation tests aimed at identifying optimal recovery conditions. Initial tests employ ANSurf and soy fatty acid B as collectors in a 2-litre flotation cell, emphasizing the importance of pH control and collector dosage for achieving high phosphate recovery. Subsequent tests introduce variations, including regrinding of rougher concentrates, demonstrating the benefits of iterative cleaning and enhanced mineral liberation in obtaining high-grade phosphate concentrates. Building on these findings, the study advances to REE flotation tests using rougher tailings from phosphate flotation. Four tests, employing ANSurf as a collector, focus on monazite recovery and cerium (Ce) grade enhancement. These tests underscore the significance of particle size reduction and iterative cleaning in improving flotation performance and concentrate purity.

Overall, the comprehensive series of flotation tests provides valuable insights into factors influencing the recovery and purification of phosphate minerals and REEs. The study emphasizes the critical roles of pH control, collector dosage, and conditioning procedures in achieving optimal flotation outcomes. It concludes that systematic conditioning and precise control of flotation parameters are essential for optimizing recovery. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of mineral processing techniques, offering practical guidelines for maximizing recovery and purity of valuable mineral resources. This research lays the groundwork for future efforts in optimizing phosphate and REE recovery, addressing the growing demand for these critical elements in modern technology.