Investigation of the effects of beam oscillations in electron beam–welded S1100M TMCP steel
Sisodia, Raghawendra P. S.; Gáspár, Marcell; Ghosh, Sumit; Hodúlová, Erika (2024-04-26)
Springer
26.04.2024
Sisodia, R.P.S., Gáspár, M., Ghosh, S. et al. Investigation of the effects of beam oscillations in electron beam–welded S1100M TMCP steel. Weld World 68, 1525–1537 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-024-01765-x.
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© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202405283990
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202405283990
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
The development of thermomechanically controlled processed (TMCP) high-strength steel (HSS) has significantly contributed to designing and developing the intricate structural components. It has broader applications in the cranes and lifting process industry (base frame, crane jibs, and crane columns), trailers, agricultural and forestry machinery, earth-moving equipment, etc. However, the development of new-grade steels with higher tensile strength led to higher requirements for welded joints, and the associated weldability issues have inspired detailed studies on electron beam welding (EBW) with different beam oscillations. Beam oscillation application with EBW processes improves the welding efficiency, weld quality, weld geometry, keyhole, etc., affecting the welded joints mechanical and microstructural properties. Thus, the present study investigates the impact and comparison of various beam oscillations on the microstructural and mechanical properties of EB-welded S1100M steel. The influence of welding parameters on the microstructure of welded joints was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The analysis focused on evaluation of grain sizes, morphologies, distributions, and crystallographic orientations of different phase constituents in fusion zone (FZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The mechanical properties were analyzed using hardness, tensile, and Charpy V-notch impact tests. The texture in the FZ is typically random, while the HAZ typically exhibits a strong rolling texture. In general, the cooling rate in EBW is very fast, possibly resulting in a fine-grained structure and reduced formation of coarse second-phase particles in the weld zone. The elliptical beam oscillation showed the highest hardness in HAZ 450 HV10. Elliptical beam oscillation slightly improves the welded joint’s tensile strength, and the impact test showed mixed fracture behavior.
The development of thermomechanically controlled processed (TMCP) high-strength steel (HSS) has significantly contributed to designing and developing the intricate structural components. It has broader applications in the cranes and lifting process industry (base frame, crane jibs, and crane columns), trailers, agricultural and forestry machinery, earth-moving equipment, etc. However, the development of new-grade steels with higher tensile strength led to higher requirements for welded joints, and the associated weldability issues have inspired detailed studies on electron beam welding (EBW) with different beam oscillations. Beam oscillation application with EBW processes improves the welding efficiency, weld quality, weld geometry, keyhole, etc., affecting the welded joints mechanical and microstructural properties. Thus, the present study investigates the impact and comparison of various beam oscillations on the microstructural and mechanical properties of EB-welded S1100M steel. The influence of welding parameters on the microstructure of welded joints was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The analysis focused on evaluation of grain sizes, morphologies, distributions, and crystallographic orientations of different phase constituents in fusion zone (FZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The mechanical properties were analyzed using hardness, tensile, and Charpy V-notch impact tests. The texture in the FZ is typically random, while the HAZ typically exhibits a strong rolling texture. In general, the cooling rate in EBW is very fast, possibly resulting in a fine-grained structure and reduced formation of coarse second-phase particles in the weld zone. The elliptical beam oscillation showed the highest hardness in HAZ 450 HV10. Elliptical beam oscillation slightly improves the welded joint’s tensile strength, and the impact test showed mixed fracture behavior.
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