Transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 represents a transformative shift from an oil-dependent economy to one driven by renewable energy sources. The strategy includes major investments in solar and wind energy projects, such as the NEOM urban area and the Red Sea Project, aiming to reduce the nation's reliance on fossil fuels. This transition has significant economic benefits, including diversification, job creation, and technological advancements, helping to stabilize the economy and reduce the risks associated with volatile oil markets. Saudi Arabia's efforts also align with global sustainability goals, contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions and environmental conservation. The country’s initiatives exemplify how nations with significant fossil fuel resources can pivot towards renewable energy. However, the transition also faces challenges, including balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability and ensuring the successful integration of large-scale projects. The study emphasizes the importance of policy frameworks, international collaborations, and technological innovation in sustaining this shift