Use of calcium carbonate in water treatment
Yaddehige Dona, Chamindie (2024-04-16)
C. Yaddehige Dona
16.04.2024
© 2024, Chamindie Yaddehige Dona. Tämä Kohde on tekijänoikeuden ja/tai lähioikeuksien suojaama. Voit käyttää Kohdetta käyttöösi sovellettavan tekijänoikeutta ja lähioikeuksia koskevan lainsäädännön sallimilla tavoilla. Muunlaista käyttöä varten tarvitset oikeudenhaltijoiden luvan.
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202404172783
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202404172783
Tiivistelmä
Calcium carbonate is a biomineral species that exists in different polymorphic forms and is abundantly present in various geological locations worldwide and in the bodies of certain organisms. It is a precursor to quick lime and slaked lime, the most commonly used alkaline materials for versatile applications. Calcium carbonate and its derivatives, like lime, are prominently used for water treatment.
In the contemporary world, purifying drinking water and wastewater is crucial for the well-being of humans. Due to rapid industrialization and population growth, many pollutants are released into the environment from anthropogenic sources. A wide range of conventional and novel methods are used for water treatment. Nevertheless, chemical precipitation is the most commonly used treatment method because it is economical and convenient. Calcium carbonate and lime are very effective precipitants that can be used for the carbonate and hydroxide precipitation of anionic species like phosphates, sulphates, fluorides and harmful heavy metals. In addition, due to their inherent alkalinity, they are utilized to neutralize acidic soil and wastewater.
However, due to the overuse, depletion of natural calcium carbonate sources, including limestone and dolomite, can occur in the future. Therefore, alternative sources of calcium carbonate are tested in different applications. Calcium carbonate-containing mineral residues from industries depict promising results in the treatment of wastewater when substituted in the occasions where natural calcium carbonate and lime products are used.
The focus of this thesis is to provide a detailed summary of the use of calcium carbonate and related products for the water treatment process through a comprehensive review of the literature analogous to this topic. Also, this provides an outline of the mineralogy and properties of calcium carbonate combined with the evaluation of the suitability of chemical precipitation with lime as an effective method for water treatment.
In the contemporary world, purifying drinking water and wastewater is crucial for the well-being of humans. Due to rapid industrialization and population growth, many pollutants are released into the environment from anthropogenic sources. A wide range of conventional and novel methods are used for water treatment. Nevertheless, chemical precipitation is the most commonly used treatment method because it is economical and convenient. Calcium carbonate and lime are very effective precipitants that can be used for the carbonate and hydroxide precipitation of anionic species like phosphates, sulphates, fluorides and harmful heavy metals. In addition, due to their inherent alkalinity, they are utilized to neutralize acidic soil and wastewater.
However, due to the overuse, depletion of natural calcium carbonate sources, including limestone and dolomite, can occur in the future. Therefore, alternative sources of calcium carbonate are tested in different applications. Calcium carbonate-containing mineral residues from industries depict promising results in the treatment of wastewater when substituted in the occasions where natural calcium carbonate and lime products are used.
The focus of this thesis is to provide a detailed summary of the use of calcium carbonate and related products for the water treatment process through a comprehensive review of the literature analogous to this topic. Also, this provides an outline of the mineralogy and properties of calcium carbonate combined with the evaluation of the suitability of chemical precipitation with lime as an effective method for water treatment.
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