Exploring indigenous fungal isolates for efficient dye degradation: A comprehensive study on sustainable bioremediation in the total environment
Mian, Abrar Hussain; Qayyum, Sadia; Zeb, Samia; Fatima, Tehreem; Jameel, Kashmala; Rehman, Bushra (2024-03-28)
Elsevier
28.03.2024
Abrar Hussain Mian, Sadia Qayyum, Samia Zeb, Tehreem Fatima, Kashmala Jameel, Bushra Rehman, Exploring indigenous fungal isolates for efficient dye degradation: A comprehensive study on sustainable bioremediation in the total environment, Environmental Technology & Innovation, Volume 34, 2024, 103615, ISSN 2352-1864, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2024.103615
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
© 2024 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
© 2024 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202404082602
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202404082602
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Synthetic dyes used in textile industries are hazardous and toxic to the environment, as some of the dyes used in these industries are non-biodegradable. Sustainable technologies using microbes are an eco-friendly and economical approach. Fungal decolorization processes are gaining much importance as biomass absorbs enzymes used in biodegradation. In the current study, six samples of dye wastewater were collected from different industries in the Faisalabad industrial area in Pakistan. The physiological characteristics of these samples were analyzed, and various parameters, including pH, temperature, BOD, COD, and electric conductivity, were investigated. Among six different (sample A-F) wastewater samples, the maximum reduction in BOD was observed in sample E, i.e.,1.3.In contrast, the maximum reduction in COD of sample C, i.e., 30, was observed. These samples' hydrogen ion concentration (pH) was mainly in an alkaline ratio, and a maximum electric conductivity of 8810 µS/cm of sample A was observed. In contrast, a minimum sample E (540 mg/L) was observed. Three indigenous fungal strains were screened and purified from dye wastewater for detoxification of dyes and were identified morphologically and on a molecular basis as Aspergillus iranicus, Penicillium crustosum, and Aspergillus terreus. A comparative analysis of two methods, the tube overlay method and the liquid medium method, were conducted to biodetoxification synthetic dyes, including malachite green, methylene blue, and nigrosine. Spectrophotometric analysis showed that indigenous fungal strains, i.e., Penicillium crustosum decolorizing methylene blue at about 93%, followed by Aspergillus iranicus decolorizing malachite green at about 80% and Aspergillus terreus decolorizing about 90% of malachite green have good potential for degradation of dyes. These strains can be a potential source for treating textile dye effluent.
Synthetic dyes used in textile industries are hazardous and toxic to the environment, as some of the dyes used in these industries are non-biodegradable. Sustainable technologies using microbes are an eco-friendly and economical approach. Fungal decolorization processes are gaining much importance as biomass absorbs enzymes used in biodegradation. In the current study, six samples of dye wastewater were collected from different industries in the Faisalabad industrial area in Pakistan. The physiological characteristics of these samples were analyzed, and various parameters, including pH, temperature, BOD, COD, and electric conductivity, were investigated. Among six different (sample A-F) wastewater samples, the maximum reduction in BOD was observed in sample E, i.e.,1.3.In contrast, the maximum reduction in COD of sample C, i.e., 30, was observed. These samples' hydrogen ion concentration (pH) was mainly in an alkaline ratio, and a maximum electric conductivity of 8810 µS/cm of sample A was observed. In contrast, a minimum sample E (540 mg/L) was observed. Three indigenous fungal strains were screened and purified from dye wastewater for detoxification of dyes and were identified morphologically and on a molecular basis as Aspergillus iranicus, Penicillium crustosum, and Aspergillus terreus. A comparative analysis of two methods, the tube overlay method and the liquid medium method, were conducted to biodetoxification synthetic dyes, including malachite green, methylene blue, and nigrosine. Spectrophotometric analysis showed that indigenous fungal strains, i.e., Penicillium crustosum decolorizing methylene blue at about 93%, followed by Aspergillus iranicus decolorizing malachite green at about 80% and Aspergillus terreus decolorizing about 90% of malachite green have good potential for degradation of dyes. These strains can be a potential source for treating textile dye effluent.
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