Lifestyle-related factors in late midlife as predictors of frailty from late midlife into old age: a longitudinal birth cohort study
Haapanen, Markus J; Mikkola, Tuija M; Jylhävä, Juulia; Wasenius, Niko S; Kajantie, Eero; Eriksson, Johan G; von Bonsdorff, Mikaela B (2024-04-01)
Oxford University Press
01.04.2024
Markus J Haapanen, Tuija M Mikkola, Juulia Jylhävä, Niko S Wasenius, Eero Kajantie, Johan G Eriksson, Mikaela B von Bonsdorff, Lifestyle-related factors in late midlife as predictors of frailty from late midlife into old age: a longitudinal birth cohort study, Age and Ageing, Volume 53, Issue 4, April 2024, afae066, https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afae066
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© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202404022505
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202404022505
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Abstract
Background:
Few studies have examined longitudinal changes in lifestyle-related factors and frailty.
Methods:
We examined the association between individual lifestyle factors (exercise, diet, sleep, alcohol, smoking and body composition), their sum at baseline, their change over the 17-year follow-up and the rate of change in frailty index values using linear mixed models in a cohort of 2,000 participants aged 57–69 years at baseline.
Results:
A higher number of healthy lifestyle-related factors at baseline was associated with lower levels of frailty but not with its rate of change from late midlife into old age. Participants who stopped exercising regularly (adjusted β × Time = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.10, 0.27) and who began experiencing sleeping difficulties (adjusted β × Time = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.10, 0.31) experienced more rapid increases in frailty from late midlife into old age. Conversely, those whose sleep improved (adjusted β × Time = −0.10, 95%CI = −0.23, −0.01) showed a slower increase in frailty from late midlife onwards. Participants letting go of lifestyle-related factors (decline by 3+ factors vs. no change) became more frail faster from late midlife into old age (adjusted β × Time = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.30).
Conclusions:
Lifestyle-related differences in frailty were already evident in late midlife and persisted into old age. Adopting one new healthy lifestyle-related factor had a small impact on a slightly less steeply increasing level of frailty. Maintaining regular exercise and sleeping habits may help prevent more rapid increases in frailty.
Background:
Few studies have examined longitudinal changes in lifestyle-related factors and frailty.
Methods:
We examined the association between individual lifestyle factors (exercise, diet, sleep, alcohol, smoking and body composition), their sum at baseline, their change over the 17-year follow-up and the rate of change in frailty index values using linear mixed models in a cohort of 2,000 participants aged 57–69 years at baseline.
Results:
A higher number of healthy lifestyle-related factors at baseline was associated with lower levels of frailty but not with its rate of change from late midlife into old age. Participants who stopped exercising regularly (adjusted β × Time = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.10, 0.27) and who began experiencing sleeping difficulties (adjusted β × Time = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.10, 0.31) experienced more rapid increases in frailty from late midlife into old age. Conversely, those whose sleep improved (adjusted β × Time = −0.10, 95%CI = −0.23, −0.01) showed a slower increase in frailty from late midlife onwards. Participants letting go of lifestyle-related factors (decline by 3+ factors vs. no change) became more frail faster from late midlife into old age (adjusted β × Time = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.30).
Conclusions:
Lifestyle-related differences in frailty were already evident in late midlife and persisted into old age. Adopting one new healthy lifestyle-related factor had a small impact on a slightly less steeply increasing level of frailty. Maintaining regular exercise and sleeping habits may help prevent more rapid increases in frailty.
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