Synchronous functional magnetic resonance eye imaging, video ophthalmoscopy, and eye surface imaging reveal the human brain and eye pulsation mechanisms
Ebrahimi, Seyed-Mohsen; Tuunanen, Johanna; Saarela, Ville; Honkamo, Marja; Huotari, Niko; Raitamaa, Lauri; Korhonen, Vesa; Helakari, Heta; Järvelä, Matti; Kaakinen, Mika; Eklund, Lauri; Kiviniemi, Vesa (2024-01-26)
Springer Nature
26.01.2024
Ebrahimi, SM., Tuunanen, J., Saarela, V. et al. Synchronous functional magnetic resonance eye imaging, video ophthalmoscopy, and eye surface imaging reveal the human brain and eye pulsation mechanisms. Sci Rep 14, 2250 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-51069-1
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202402151782
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202402151782
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
The eye possesses a paravascular solute transport pathway that is driven by physiological pulsations, resembling the brain glymphatic pathway. We developed synchronous multimodal imaging tools aimed at measuring the driving pulsations of the human eye, using an eye-tracking functional eye camera (FEC) compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring eye surface pulsations. Special optics enabled integration of the FEC with MRI-compatible video ophthalmoscopy (MRcVO) for simultaneous retinal imaging along with functional eye MRI imaging (fMREye) of the BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) contrast. Upon optimizing the fMREye parameters, we measured the power of the physiological (vasomotor, respiratory, and cardiac) eye and brain pulsations by fast Fourier transform (FFT) power analysis. The human eye pulsated in all three physiological pulse bands, most prominently in the respiratory band. The FFT power means of physiological pulsation for two adjacent slices was significantly higher than in one-slice scans (RESP1 vs. RESP2; df = 5, p = 0.045). FEC and MRcVO confirmed the respiratory pulsations at the eye surface and retina. We conclude that in addition to the known cardiovascular pulsation, the human eye also has respiratory and vasomotor pulsation mechanisms, which are now amenable to study using non-invasive multimodal imaging of eye fluidics.
The eye possesses a paravascular solute transport pathway that is driven by physiological pulsations, resembling the brain glymphatic pathway. We developed synchronous multimodal imaging tools aimed at measuring the driving pulsations of the human eye, using an eye-tracking functional eye camera (FEC) compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring eye surface pulsations. Special optics enabled integration of the FEC with MRI-compatible video ophthalmoscopy (MRcVO) for simultaneous retinal imaging along with functional eye MRI imaging (fMREye) of the BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) contrast. Upon optimizing the fMREye parameters, we measured the power of the physiological (vasomotor, respiratory, and cardiac) eye and brain pulsations by fast Fourier transform (FFT) power analysis. The human eye pulsated in all three physiological pulse bands, most prominently in the respiratory band. The FFT power means of physiological pulsation for two adjacent slices was significantly higher than in one-slice scans (RESP1 vs. RESP2; df = 5, p = 0.045). FEC and MRcVO confirmed the respiratory pulsations at the eye surface and retina. We conclude that in addition to the known cardiovascular pulsation, the human eye also has respiratory and vasomotor pulsation mechanisms, which are now amenable to study using non-invasive multimodal imaging of eye fluidics.
Kokoelmat
- Avoin saatavuus [38841]
Ellei muuten mainita, aineiston lisenssi on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/