The creation of a massive UCD by tidal threshing from NGC 936

Paudel, Sanjaya; Duc, Pierre-Alain; Lim, Sungsoon; Poulain, Mélina; Marleau, Francine R; Müller, Oliver; Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén; Habas, Rebecca; Durrell, Patrick R; Heesters, Nick; Chhatkuli, Daya Nidhi; Yoon, Suk-Jin (2023-09-13)
 
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https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slad126

Paudel, Sanjaya
Duc, Pierre-Alain
Lim, Sungsoon
Poulain, Mélina
Marleau, Francine R
Müller, Oliver
Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén
Habas, Rebecca
Durrell, Patrick R
Heesters, Nick
Chhatkuli, Daya Nidhi
Yoon, Suk-Jin
Royal astronomical society
13.09.2023

Sanjaya Paudel, Pierre-Alain Duc, Sungsoon Lim, Mélina Poulain, Francine R Marleau, Oliver Müller, Rubén Sánchez-Janssen, Rebecca Habas, Patrick R Durrell, Nick Heesters, Daya Nidhi Chhatkuli, Suk-Jin Yoon, The creation of a massive UCD by tidal threshing from NGC 936, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Volume 526, Issue 1, November 2023, Pages L136–L142, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slad126

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This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society ©: 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
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doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slad126
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202402061602
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Abstract

We study a compact nucleus embedded in an early-type dwarf galaxy, MATLAS-167, which is in the process of disruption by the tidal force of the neighbouring giant S0 galaxy, NGC 936, in a group environment. Using the imaging data of the MATLAS survey, we analyse the stellar tidal tail of MATLAS-167 and its central compact nucleus, designated as NGC 936_UCD. We find that NGC 936_UCD has a luminosity of Mg = −11.43 ± 0.01 mag and a size of 66.5 ± 17 pc, sharing the global properties of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) but significantly larger and brighter compared to the typical UCD populations observed in the Virgo cluster. By integrating the total luminosity of both the tidal stream and MATLAS-167, we estimate that the disrupted dwarf progenitor possesses a luminosity of Mg = −15.92 ± 0.06 mag, a typical bright early-type dwarf galaxy luminosity. With the help of the optical spectrum observed by the SDSS survey, we derive the simple stellar population properties of NGC 936_UCD: a light-weighted age of 5.6 ± 0.7 Gyr and metallicity of [Z/H] = −0.83 ± 0.3 dex. Our findings suggest that tidal threshing is a possible formation mechanism of bright UCD populations in close proximity to giant galaxies.
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