Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey

La Marca, Antonio; Iodice, Enrichetta; Cantiello, Michele; Forbes, Duncan A.; Rejkuba, Marina; Hilker, Michael; Arnaboldi, Magda; Greggio, Laura; Spiniello, Chiara; Mieske, Steffen; Venhola, Aku; Spavone, Marilena; D’Ago, Giuseppe; Raj, Maria Angela; Ragusa, Rossella; Mirabile, Marco; Rampazzo, Roberto; Peletier, Reynier; Paolillo, Maurizio; Challapa, Nelvy Choque; Schipani, Pietro (2022-09-15)
 
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https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142367

La Marca, Antonio
Iodice, Enrichetta
Cantiello, Michele
Forbes, Duncan A.
Rejkuba, Marina
Hilker, Michael
Arnaboldi, Magda
Greggio, Laura
Spiniello, Chiara
Mieske, Steffen
Venhola, Aku
Spavone, Marilena
D’Ago, Giuseppe
Raj, Maria Angela
Ragusa, Rossella
Mirabile, Marco
Rampazzo, Roberto
Peletier, Reynier
Paolillo, Maurizio
Challapa, Nelvy Choque
Schipani, Pietro
EDP Sciences
15.09.2022

La Marca, A., Iodice, E., Cantiello, M., Forbes, D. A., Rejkuba, M., Hilker, M., Arnaboldi, M., Greggio, L., Spiniello, C., Mieske, S., Venhola, A., Spavone, M., D’Ago, G., Raj, M. A., Ragusa, R., Mirabile, M., Rampazzo, R., Peletier, R., Paolillo, M., … Schipani, P. (2022). Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey: II. The ultra-diffuse galaxy population. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 665, A105. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142367

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© A. La Marca et al. 2022. Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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doi:https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142367
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2023062861205
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Abstract

In this work, we extend the catalog of low-surface brightness (LSB) galaxies, including ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) candidates, within ≈0.4Rvir of the Hydra I cluster of galaxies based on deep images from the VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey (VEGAS). The new galaxies were found by applying an automatic detection tool and carrying out additional visual inspections of g and r band images. This led to the detection of 11 UDGs and 8 more LSB galaxies. For all of them, we assessed the cluster membership using the color–magnitude relation derived for early-type giant and dwarf galaxies in Hydra I. The UDGs and new LSB galaxies found in Hydra I span a wide range of central surface brightness (22.7 ≲ μ0, g ≲ 26.5 mag arcsec⁻²), effective radius (0.6 ≲ Re ≲ 4.0 kpc), and color (0.4 ≤ g − r ≤ 0.9 mag), and have stellar masses in the range ∼5 × 10⁶ − 2 × 10⁸ M⊙. The 2D projected distribution of both galaxy types is similar to the spatial distribution of dwarf galaxies, with over-densities in the cluster core and north of the cluster center. They have similar color distribution and comparable stellar masses to the red dwarf galaxies. Based on photometric selection, we identify a total of nine globular cluster (GC) candidates associated to the UDGs and four to the LSB galaxies, with the highest number of candidates in an individual UDG being three. We find that there are no relevant differences between dwarfs, LSB galaxies, and UDGs: the structural parameters (i.e., surface brightness, size, color, and n-index) and GC content of the three classes have similar properties and trends. This finding is consistent with UDGs being the extreme LSB tail of the size–luminosity distribution of dwarfs in this environment.

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