GMAG : an open-source python package for ground-based magnetometers
Murphy, Kyle R.; Rae, I. Jonathan; Halford, Alexa J.; Engebretson, Mark; Russell, Christopher T.; Matzka, Jürgen; Johnsen, Magnar G.; Milling, David K.; Mann, Ian R.; Kale, Andy; Xu, Zhonghua; Connors, Martin; Angelopoulos, Vassilis; Chi, Peter; Tanskanen, Eija (2022-11-04)
Murphy KR, Rae IJ, Halford AJ, Engebretson M, Russell CT, Matzka J, Johnsen MG, Milling DK, Mann IR, Kale A, Xu Z, Connors M, Angelopoulos V, Chi P and Tanskanen E (2022) GMAG: An open-source python package for ground-based magnetometers. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 9:1005061. doi: 10.3389/fspas.2022.1005061
© 2022 Murphy, Rae, Halford, Engebretson, Russell, Matzka, Johnsen, Milling, Mann, Kale, Xu, Connors, Angelopoulos, Chi and Tanskanen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2023062157526
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Magnetometers are a key component of heliophysics research providing valuable insight into the dynamics of electromagnetic field regimes and their coupling throughout the solar system. On satellites, magnetometers provide detailed observations of the extension of the solar magnetic field into interplanetary space and of planetary environments. At Earth, magnetometers are deployed on the ground in extensive arrays spanning the polar cap, auroral and sub-auroral zone, mid- and low-latitudes and equatorial electrojet with nearly global coverage in azimuth (longitude or magnetic local time—MLT). These multipoint observations are used to diagnose both ionospheric and magnetospheric processes as well as the coupling between the solar wind and these two regimes at a fraction of the cost of in-situ instruments. Despite their utility in research, ground-based magnetometer data can be difficult to use due to a variety of file formats, multiple points of access for the data, and limited software. In this short article we review the Open-Source Python library GMAG which provides rapid access to ground-based magnetometer data from a number of arrays in a Pandas DataFrame, a common data format used throughout scientific research.
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