The GLE # 73 on 28 October 2021: spectra, angular distribution and terrestrial effects
Mishev, Alexander; Vainio, Rami; Kocharov, Leon; Koldobskiy, Sergey; Larsen, Nicholas; Riihonen, Esa (2023-11-13)
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
13.11.2023
Mishev, A., Kocharov, L., Koldobskiy, S., Larsen, N., Riihonen, E., Vainio, R., & Usoskin, I. (2023). The GLE #73 on 28 October 2021: spectra, angular distribution and terrestrial effects. In R. Bütikofer, A. Gil-Świderska, K.-L. Klein, O. Kryakunova, M. Laurenza, H. Mavromichalaki, D. Ruffolo, D. Sapundjiev, C. T. Steigies, & D. T. Strauss (Eds.), NMDB@Athens: Proceedings of the hybrid symposium on cosmic ray studies with neutron detectors, September 26-30, 2022 (Vol. 2, pp. 105–111). https://doi.org/10.38072/2748-3150/p36
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This paper is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Please note that individual, appropriately marked parts of the paper may be excluded from the license mentioned or may be subject to other copyright conditions. If such third party material is not under the Creative Commons license, any copying, editing or public reproduction is only permitted with the prior consent of the respective copyright owner or on the basis of relevant legal authorization regulations.
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202311293419
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202311293419
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
The first solar proton event observed at ground, that is ground level enhancement, of solar cycle 25 was detected on 28 October 2021 by several neutron monitors (NMs), specifcally those in the polar region as well as by space-borne instruments. It was identifed as the GLE (ground-level enhancement) #73 in the International GLE database. The strongest signal at the ground was registered by the DOMC/DOMB monitors located at the Antarctic plateau at the Concordia French-Italian research station. Here, we report the observations and the study of this event using the global NM network and SOHO/ERNE records. We present the derived angular and spectral characteristics of solar energetic protons, including their dynamical evolution throughout the event. Several applications are discussed, namely the terrestrial efects of the GLE particles during the event.
The first solar proton event observed at ground, that is ground level enhancement, of solar cycle 25 was detected on 28 October 2021 by several neutron monitors (NMs), specifcally those in the polar region as well as by space-borne instruments. It was identifed as the GLE (ground-level enhancement) #73 in the International GLE database. The strongest signal at the ground was registered by the DOMC/DOMB monitors located at the Antarctic plateau at the Concordia French-Italian research station. Here, we report the observations and the study of this event using the global NM network and SOHO/ERNE records. We present the derived angular and spectral characteristics of solar energetic protons, including their dynamical evolution throughout the event. Several applications are discussed, namely the terrestrial efects of the GLE particles during the event.
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