Design aspects of millimeter wave multiband front-ends
Shaheen, Rana Azhar (2021-11-10)
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:9789526231167
Kuvaus
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Multiple millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands allocated for fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard have created the needs to develop multi-band mmWave receiver front-end systems. The required multiband operation can be achieved by one of the following ways: by utilizing a very broadband receiver, utilizing band specific receivers, which are selected using an external switch, or by utilizing a receiver where the center frequency can be changed by a programmable configuration.
The design aspects presented in this thesis are targeted primarily for integrated solutions of narrow-band and multi-band phased array receiver front-end designs for 5G mmWave systems. However, each of these are studied from a different perspective. To understand the implementation complexity, a fully integrated four elements receiver phased array front-end employing analog beamforming technique is designed. The design of an off-chip input matching circuit based on non-uniform transmission line (NUTL) segments is demonstrated, which transforms the reactive input impedance of the low noise amplifier (LNA) to real 50 Ohms with a sufficient bandwidth. The implemented receiver front-end supports two simultaneous data streams to facilitate multiple input multiple output (MIMO) processing. A comparison study is presented on the design of two different layout styles for cascode-connected active devices to optimize the device performance for mmWave frequency systems. The efficient design techniques of silicon-based passive devices and their accurate electromagnetic modelling methodology are presented. Moreover, design challenges and architecture limitations in the design of mmWave narrowband and frequency reconfigurable multi-band LNAs are also discussed in this thesis. Further details of these contributions are articulated in the author’s original publications I-VIII.
Tiivistelmä
3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) on allokoinut useita millimetriaallon (mm-alueen) taajuuskaistoja viidennen sukupolven (5G) matkaviestinkäyttöön, ja tämä on luonut tarpeen monikaistaisten mm-aaltoalueen radioiden kehittämiseksi. Monikaistainen radiovastaanotin voidaan toteuttaa vaihtoehtoisesti laajakaistaisella vastaanottimella, ulkoisesti valittavilla kapeakaistaisilla vastaanottimilla, tai vastaanotinrakenteella, jonka keskitaajuutta voidaan muuttaa ohjelmallisella konfiguroinnilla.
Tässä väitöstyössä keskityttiin integroitujen kapeakaistaisten ja monikaistaisten vastaanottimien toteuttamiseen 5G mm-alueen taajuuskaistoille. Työ koostuu kahdeksasta osajulkaisusta, jotka tutkivat asiaa eri suunnista. Kokonaisen järjestelmän kompleksisuuden ymmärtämiseksi suunniteltiin täysin integroitu nelikanavainen radiovastaanotin, joka soveltuu keilanmuodostukseen ja MIMO-vastaanottoon. Kyseisen radiopiirin matalakohinaisille esivahvistimille suunniteltiin laajakaistainen tulosovitus käyttäen epähomogeenisia siirtolinjoja. Kahden erilaisen integroidun piirikuvion vaikutusta kaskadikytkettyjen vahvistimien ominaisuuksiin vertailtiin työssä. Sähkömagneettiseen mallinnukseen tärkeyttä ja erilaisia toteutustapoja tutkittiin integroitujen piirien passiivikomponenttien avulla. Lopuksi toteutettiin sekä laajakaistainen että keskitaajuudeltaan konfiguroitava matalakohinainen esivahvistin, ja vertailtiin niiden suorituskykyjä.
Original papers
Original papers are not included in the electronic version of the dissertation.
Sethi, A., Aikio, J. P., Shaheen, R. A., Akbar, R., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2017). A 10-bit active RF phase shifter for 5G wireless systems. 2017 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP and International Symposium of System-on-Chip (SoC), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2017.8124958
Shaheen, R. A., Akbar, R., Sethi, A., Aikio, J. P., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). A fully integrated 4 × 2 element CMOS RF phased array receiver for 5G. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 98(3), 429–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-018-1251-0
Shaheen, R. A., Sethi, A., Akbar, R., Aikio, J. P., Tuovinen, T., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2018). A simultaneous wideband impedance matching and bandpass filtering technique using NUTL segments at 15 GHz. 2018 IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks (WiSNet), 70–72. https://doi.org/10.1109/WISNET.2018.8311567
Shaheen, R. A., Akbar, R., Rahkonen, T., Aikio, J., Sethi, A., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). A differential reflection-type phase shifter based on CPW coupled-line coupler in 45nm CMOS SOI. 2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 558–561. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877191
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., Akbar, R., Sethi, A., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). A fully differential single-stage four-way mmwave power combiner for phased array 5g systems. 2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 562–565. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877281
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., Akbar, R., Aikio, J. P., Sethi, A., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). Layout optimization techniques for \(r_{g}\) and, \(f_{max}\) of cascode devices for mm wave applications. 2019 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP and International Symposium of System-on-Chip (SoC), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2019.8906913
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2020). Design of a 40 GHz low noise amplifier using multigate technique for cascode devices. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 105(3), 347–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-020-01722-w
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2021). Millimeter-wave frequency reconfigurable low noise amplifiers for 5G. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 68(2), 642–646. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2020.3014571
Osajulkaisut
Osajulkaisut eivät sisälly väitöskirjan elektroniseen versioon.
Sethi, A., Aikio, J. P., Shaheen, R. A., Akbar, R., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2017). A 10-bit active RF phase shifter for 5G wireless systems. 2017 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP and International Symposium of System-on-Chip (SoC), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2017.8124958
Shaheen, R. A., Akbar, R., Sethi, A., Aikio, J. P., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). A fully integrated 4 × 2 element CMOS RF phased array receiver for 5G. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 98(3), 429–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-018-1251-0
Shaheen, R. A., Sethi, A., Akbar, R., Aikio, J. P., Tuovinen, T., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2018). A simultaneous wideband impedance matching and bandpass filtering technique using NUTL segments at 15 GHz. 2018 IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks (WiSNet), 70–72. https://doi.org/10.1109/WISNET.2018.8311567
Shaheen, R. A., Akbar, R., Rahkonen, T., Aikio, J., Sethi, A., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). A differential reflection-type phase shifter based on CPW coupled-line coupler in 45nm CMOS SOI. 2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 558–561. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877191
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., Akbar, R., Sethi, A., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). A fully differential single-stage four-way mmwave power combiner for phased array 5g systems. 2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 562–565. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877281
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., Akbar, R., Aikio, J. P., Sethi, A., & Pärssinen, A. (2019). Layout optimization techniques for \(r_{g}\) and, \(f_{max}\) of cascode devices for mm wave applications. 2019 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP and International Symposium of System-on-Chip (SoC), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/NORCHIP.2019.8906913
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2020). Design of a 40 GHz low noise amplifier using multigate technique for cascode devices. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 105(3), 347–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-020-01722-w
Shaheen, R. A., Rahkonen, T., & Pärssinen, A. (2021). Millimeter-wave frequency reconfigurable low noise amplifiers for 5G. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 68(2), 642–646. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2020.3014571
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