Integrative analyses on Western Palearctic <em>Lasiommata</em> reveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species
Platania, Leonardo; Vodă, Raluca; Dincă, Vlad; Talavera, Gerard; Vila, Roger; Dapporto, Leonardo (2020-11-04)
Platania, L, Vodă, R, Dincă, V, Talavera, G, Vila, R, Dapporto, L. Integrative analyses on Western Palearctic Lasiommata reveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 2020; 58: 809– 822. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12356
© 2020 Blackwell Verlag GmbH. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Platania, L, Vodă, R, Dincă, V, Talavera, G, Vila, R, Dapporto, L. Integrative analyses on Western Palearctic Lasiommata reveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 2020; 58: 809– 822, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12356. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022031022794
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Satyrinae butterflies occurring in the Mediterranean apparently have reduced gene flow over sea straits, and for several species, recent wide-scale biodiversity surveys indicate the existence of divergent mitochondrial lineages. Here, we apply an integrative approach and examine the phylogeography of the genus Lasiommata in the Western Palearctic. Our research comprised molecular analyses (mitochondrial and nuclear DNA) and geometric morphometrics (wings and genitalia) for two main species groups, and a comparative GMYC analysis, based on COI, of all the tribes within Satyrinae from this region. The GMYC approach revealed a particularly fast coalescence rate in the Parargina subtribe. The Lasiommata group was divided into 12 evolutionary significant units: six clades for the L. maera species group, five for the L. megera species group, and one for L. petropolitana, with divergences of about 1%. The patterns of COI were mirrored by ITS2 in L. maera, but the two markers were generally inconsistent in L. megera. On the contrary, morphological differences were coherent with the results of COI for L. megera, but less clearly so for L. maera. L. paramegaera and L. meadewaldoi were considerably differentiated for all the analyzed markers and likely proceeded faster in the process of speciation because of geographic isolation and reduced effective population size, rendering the rest paraphyletic. Our study illustrates the continuous nature of speciation and the difficulties of delimiting species. In Lasiommata, the recognition of taxa as diverging lineages or distinct, possibly paraphyletic species, mostly depends on the criteria adopted by different species concepts.
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