Metabolic profiles of socio-economic position : a multi-cohort analysis
Robinson, Oliver; Carter, Alice R.; Ala-Korpela, Mika; Casas, Juan P.; Chaturvedi, Nishi; Engmann, Jorgen; Howe, Laura D.; Hughes, Alun D.; Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Kähönen, Mika; Karhunen, Ville; Kuh, Diana; Shah, Tina; Ben-Shlomo, Yoav; Sofat, Reecha; Lau, Chung-Ho E.; Lehtimäki, Terho; Menon, Usha; Raitakari, Olli; Ryan, Andy; Providencia, Rui; Smith, Stephanie; Taylor, Julie; Tillin, Therese; Viikari, Jorma; Wong, Andrew; Hingorani, Aroon D.; Kivimäki, Mika; Vineis, Paolo (2020-11-21)
Oliver Robinson, Alice R Carter, Mika Ala-Korpela, Juan P Casas, Nishi Chaturvedi, Jorgen Engmann, Laura D Howe, Alun D Hughes, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Mika Kähönen, Ville Karhunen, Diana Kuh, Tina Shah, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Reecha Sofat, Chung-Ho E Lau, Terho Lehtimäki, Usha Menon, Olli Raitakari, Andy Ryan, Rui Providencia, Stephanie Smith, Julie Taylor, Therese Tillin, Jorma Viikari, Andrew Wong, Aroon D Hingorani, Mika Kivimäki, Paolo Vineis, Metabolic profiles of socio-economic position: a multi-cohort analysis, International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 50, Issue 3, June 2021, Pages 768–782, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa188
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2021050428724
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Background: Low socio-economic position (SEP) is a risk factor for multiple health outcomes, but its molecular imprints in the body remain unclear.
Methods: We examined SEP as a determinant of serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolic profiles in ∼30 000 adults and 4000 children across 10 UK and Finnish cohort studies.
Results: In risk-factor-adjusted analysis of 233 metabolic measures, low educational attainment was associated with 37 measures including higher levels of triglycerides in small high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and lower levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-3 fatty acids, apolipoprotein A1, large and very large HDL particles (including levels of their respective lipid constituents) and cholesterol measures across different density lipoproteins. Among adults whose father worked in manual occupations, associations with apolipoprotein A1, large and very large HDL particles and HDL-2 cholesterol remained after adjustment for SEP in later life. Among manual workers, levels of glutamine were higher compared with non-manual workers. All three indicators of low SEP were associated with lower DHA, omega-3 fatty acids and HDL diameter. At all ages, children of manual workers had lower levels of DHA as a proportion of total fatty acids.
Conclusions: Our work indicates that social and economic factors have a measurable impact on human physiology. Lower SEP was independently associated with a generally unfavourable metabolic profile, consistent across ages and cohorts. The metabolites we found to be associated with SEP, including DHA, are known to predict cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline in later life and may contribute to health inequalities.
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