Hydrochar-derived adsorbent for the removal of diclofenac from aqueous solution
Kimbi Yaah, Velma Beri; Zbair, Mohamed; de Oliveira, Sérgio Botelho; Ojala, Satu (2021-01-04)
Kimbi Yaah, V.B., Zbair, M., Botelho de Oliveira, S. et al. Hydrochar-derived adsorbent for the removal of diclofenac from aqueous solution. Nanotechnol. Environ. Eng. 6, 3 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41204-020-00099-5
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202101283134
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
The characteristics and diclofenac adsorption properties of a carbon adsorbent prepared from palm kernel shells were studied. The adsorbent prepared via hydrothermal carbonization followed by an activation in nitrogen flow had a mesoporous structure with homogenous pore distribution and the specific surface area of 131 m²g⁻¹. The Raman spectra showed a formation of graphene or graphite structures in the material during activation with small number of defects based on its ID/IG ratio of about 0.5. The FTIR analysis showed both a qualitative and quantitative decrease in the functional groups of the raw material after activation. The developed adsorbent was found to be effective in the removal of diclofenac with 95% maximum removal at pH 2, adsorbent dose of 15 gL⁻¹ and adsorbate dose of 50 mgL⁻¹. Diclofenac adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model with correlation coefficient R² > 0.98. The adsorption kinetics was explained by the second-order kinetic model with rate constant (K₂) 0.869 min⁻¹. The interaction via aromatic π–π stacking and hydrogen bonding between -OH groups of phenol and carboxylic acid groups of DCF are leading to a good adsorption efficiency despite of the low surface area of the adsorbent.
Kokoelmat
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