Antipsychotic and benzodiazepine use and brain morphology in schizophrenia and affective psychoses : systematic reviews and birth cohort study
Huhtaniska, Sanna; Korkala, Iikka; Heikka, Tuomas; Björnholm, Lassi; Lehtiniemi, Heli; Hulkko, Anja P.; Moilanen, Jani; Tohka, Jussi; Manjón, José; Coupé, Pierrick; Kiviniemi, Vesa; Isohanni, Matti; Koponen, Hannu; Murray, Graham K.; Miettunen, Jouko; Jääskeläinen, Erika (2018-08-24)
Sanna Huhtaniska, Iikka Korkala, Tuomas Heikka, Lassi Björnholm, Heli Lehtiniemi, Anja P. Hulkko, Jani Moilanen, Jussi Tohka, José Manjón, Pierrick Coupé, Vesa Kiviniemi, Matti Isohanni, Hannu Koponen, Graham K. Murray, Jouko Miettunen, Erika Jääskeläinen, Antipsychotic and benzodiazepine use and brain morphology in schizophrenia and affective psychoses – Systematic reviews and birth cohort study, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, Volume 281, 2018, Pages 43-52, ISSN 0925-4927, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.08.015
© 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2018111648271
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to investigate differences in brain structure volumes between schizophrenia and affective psychoses, and whether cumulative lifetime antipsychotic or benzodiazepine doses relate to brain morphology in these groups. We conducted two systematic reviews on the topic and investigated 44 schizophrenia cases and 19 with affective psychoses from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The association between lifetime antipsychotic and benzodiazepine dose and brain MRI scans at the age of 43 was investigated using linear regression. Intracranial volume, sex, illness severity, and antipsychotic/benzodiazepine doses were used as covariates. There were no differences between the groups in brain structure volumes. In schizophrenia, after adjusting for benzodiazepine dose and symptoms, a negative association between lifetime antipsychotic dose and the nucleus accumbens volume remained. In affective psychoses, higher lifetime benzodiazepine dose associated with larger volumes of total gray matter and hippocampal volume after controlling for antipsychotic use and symptoms. It seems that in addition to antipsychotics, the severity of symptoms and benzodiazepine dose are also associated with brain structure volumes. These results suggest, that benzodiazepine effects should also be investigated also independently and not only as a confounder.
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