Musculoskeletal examination in young athletes and non-athletes : the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study
Toivo, Kerttu; Kannus, Pekka; Kokko, Sami; Alanko, Lauri; Heinonen, Olli J; Korpelainen, Raija; Savonen, Kai; Selänne, Harri; Vasankari, Tommi; Kannas, Lasse; Kujala, Urho M; Villberg, Jari; Parkkari, Jari (2018-05-30)
Toivo K, Kannus P, Kokko S, et al. Musculoskeletal examination in young athletes and non-athletes: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2018;4:e000376. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000376
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2018110847702
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the inter-rater repeatability of a musculoskeletal examination and to compare findings between adolescent athletes and non-athletes in Finland.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a musculoskeletal examination assessing posture, mobility and movement control was carried out by a sports and exercise medicine physician on 399 athletes aged 14–17 years and 177 non-athletes. Within 2 weeks another sports and exercise medicine physician repeated the examination for 41 adolescents to test the inter-rater repeatability.
Results: In total, 10 of the 11 tests performed had at least moderate inter-rater reliability (κ ≥0.4 or percentage agreement >80%). Athletes more often than non-athletes had one shoulder protruded (8.0% vs 4.0%, OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.16 to 6.81). Forty-six per cent of athletes had good knee control in the two-legged vertical drop jump test compared with 32% of non-athletes (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.06). Athletes had better core muscle control with 86.3% being able to remain in the correct plank position for 30 s compared with 68.6% of non-athletes (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.67 to 4.36). In the deep squat test, good lumbar spine control was maintained only by 35.8% of athletes and 38.4% of non-athletes.
Conclusions: A basic musculoskeletal examination is sufficiently reliable to be performed by trained physicians as a part of a periodic health evaluation. Shortfalls in mobility, posture and movement control are common in both athletes and non-athletes. These deficits could have been caused by sedentary behaviour, monotonous training, or both.
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