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Miniature high-power nanosecond laser diode transmitters utilizing simplest avalanche drivers

Vainshtein, Sergey N.; Zemlyakov, Valery; Egorkin, Vladimir; Maslevtsov, Andrey; Filimonov, Alexey (2018-07-10)

 
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https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2018.2853563

Vainshtein, Sergey N.
Zemlyakov, Valery
Egorkin, Vladimir
Maslevtsov, Andrey
Filimonov, Alexey
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
10.07.2018

S. Vainshtein, V. Zemlyakov, V. Egorkin, A. Maslevtsov and A. Filimonov, "Miniature High-Power Nanosecond Laser Diode Transmitters Using the Simplest Possible Avalanche Drivers," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 3689-3699, April 2019. doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2018.2853563

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doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2018.2853563
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Abstract

The-state-of-the-art in long-distance near-infrared optical radars is the use of laser-diode-based miniature pulsed transmitters producing optical pulses of 3–10 ns in duration and peak power typically below 40W. The duration of the transmitted optical pulses becomes a bottleneck in the task of improving the radar ranging precision, particularly due to the progress made in developing single photon avalanche detectors (SPADs). The speed of miniature high-current drivers is limited by the speed of the semiconductor switch, either a gallium nitride (GaN) field-effect transistor, the most popular alternative nowadays, or a silicon avalanche bipolar junction transistor (ABJT), which was traditional in the past. Recent progress in the physical understanding of peculiar 3-D transients promises further enhancement in speed and efficiency of properly modified ABJTs, but that is not the only factor limiting the transmitter speed. We show here that a low-inductance miniature transmitter assembly containing only a specially developed capacitor, a more advanced transistor chip than that used in commercial ABJTs and a laser diode has allowed peak power from 40 to 180 W to be reached in optical pulses of 1–2 ns in duration without after-pulsing relaxation oscillations. This finding is of interest for compact low-cost, long-distance decimetre-precision lidars, particularly for automotive applications.

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