Cardiac remodeling from middle age to senescence
Möttönen, Mikko J.; Ukkola, Olavi; Lumme, Jarmo; Kesäniemi, Y. Antero; Huikuri, Heikki V.; Perkiömäki, Juha S. (2017-05-26)
Möttönen MJ, Ukkola O, Lumme J, Kesäniemi YA, Huikuri HV and Perkiömäki JS (2017) Cardiac Remodeling from Middle Age to Senescence. Front. Physiol. 8:341. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00341
Copyright © 2017 Möttönen, Ukkola, Lumme, Kesäniemi, Huikuri and Perkiömäki. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe201708218168
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Background: The data on cardiac remodeling outside the scope of myocardial infarction and heart failure are limited.
Methods: A cohort of middle-aged hypertensive subjects with age- and gender-matched control subjects without hypertension (n = 1,045, aged 51 ± 6 years) were randomly selected for the OPERA study (Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis study). The majority of those who were still alive after more than 20 years of follow-up underwent thorough re-examinations.
Results: Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) increased significantly from 106.5 ± 27.1 (mean ± SD) to 114.6 ± 29.1 g/m² (p < 0.001), the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) from 10.0 ± 1.8 to 10.6 ± 1.7 mm (p < 0.001), fractional shortening (FS) from 35.0 ± 5.7 to 38.4 ± 7.2 % (p < 0.001), and left atrial diameter (LAD) from 38.8 ± 5.2 to 39.4 ± 6.7 mm (p = 0.028) during the 20-year follow-up. After multivariate adjustments, hypertension treated with antihypertensive medication and male gender predicted a smaller increase in the thickness of LVPW (p = 0.017 to <0.001). Baseline higher fasting plasma insulin level, larger intima media thickness of the carotid artery, greater height and antihypertensive medication (p = 0.046–0.002) predicted a smaller (less favorable) change of FS. The increase of LAD was associated with higher baseline diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.034) and greater height (p = 0.006).
Conclusion: Aging from middle age to senescence increases the echocardiographic indexes of LVMI, LVPW thickness, FS and LAD. Several baseline factors are associated with these changes.
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